Also, it is common that the working distance is flexible, so for simple calculations start out with a ratio of working distance to focal length. Generally, lenses have fixed focal lengths. The equation can be modified to solve for any other variable so long as three variables are known. A sensor resolution of 1024X768 or 1280X1024 would be more appropriate in this case. The sensor of 640X480 will be not sufficient. Following the equation, the minimum sensor resolution is 500X600. It is generally assumed that the smallest feature is round with this 2mm diameter. Example 2: My FOV is 500mmX600mm and my smallest feature is 2mm.A camera with a resolution of 640x480 will work because 200 is less than the smallest dimension which is 480. Following the equation, the needed minimum sensor resolution is 200 pixel. Example 1: My FOV is 100mm and my smallest feature is 1mm.To do the calculation for the minimum sensor resolution, multiply two (pixels/smallest feature) times the size (in real-world units) of the field of view divided by the size of the smallest feature as shown in the following equation: To make an accurate measurement on the image, you need to use a minimum of two pixels per smallest feature that you want to detect. The calculations can be done for each dimension separately but, for simplicity, this is often reduced to one dimension. This is in two dimensions for example 640X480. The resolution of an image is the number of pixels in the image.
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